United States: Kepler space telescope analyzed data from planet hunter of NASA with astronomer having capturing for 1st time brilliant flashes of star’s exploding shockwaves or “shock breakouts” in visible lights or optical wavelengths. Teams had been led by Peter Garnavich, astrophysics professor at University of Notre Dame in Indiana.
He analysed lights being captured by Kepler’s in all 30 minutes over 3 year periods from distant galaxy 500 numbered for searching fewer 50 trillion stars. Team hunted for massive signs of stellar deathening explosions called “Supernova”. Explosive deaths of these stars known as KSN 2011d reach brightness maximum by 14 days.
Shocks breaking outs lasts itself about only 20 minutes. This catches energy flashes in milestones investigative for astronomers. In year 2011, 2 amongst such massive stars known as red super-giants had exploded in views of Kepler. 1st behemoth was KSN 2011a being 300 times our SUN size and 700 million light years from our Earth.
2nd was KSN 2011d being 500 times our SUN size and 1.2 billion light years from Earth. For putting size onto perspective orbit of earth about sun comfortably fit inside such stars colossal. Supernova called Type II begins when internal star furnaces run out of nuclear fueling. It causes its cores for collapsing as taken over by gravities. This was added by Garnavich.
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